APPLICATION OF ULTRASONIC WAVES IN SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY

The course is part of the activities of the Master's Degree in Chemistry and Sustainable Technologies. It introduces a new approach to the students in this field. The course initially instructs students about the general principles of acoustic cavitation, bubble dynamics, and factors influencing the cavitation process. The next part of the course incorporates a series of ultrasound applications in sustainable chemistry. The final part reviews the range of ultrasonic equipment available in the laboratories and the progress made toward the scale-up of ultrasonic apparatus.

Knowledge and understanding: Students will be familiar with the basic knowledge of ultrasound and understand the mechanism of the effects of ultrasound on different systems. They will also be familiar with variables that affect the sonication of the systems and how to control the ultrasonic's effects on the systems.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: Graduates of the course understand the principles of ultrasound and will be able to apply the acquired knowledge in further project studies in chemistry and sustainable technology. Especially, the application of ultrasound in different systems can facilitate the process much more easily than the conventional methods.
Autonomy of judgment: During the course, the students will work in such a way that they can give their opinions independently on the different topics discussed in the class.
Communication skills: Communication skills will be strengthened in the classroom and active communication will be established between students and the teacher. The teacher in an active class asks proper questions during the course to participate students in the discussion.
Learning skills:
Students should
a) Prepare themselves for active participation in the class by studying in advance
b) Focus and concentrate during the class on the presented subjects
c) Take notes and highlight the important points presented by the teacher
d) Ask and discuss with the teacher in cases where the topic is not clear

Students with appropriate Chemistry/Engineering background may be permitted to enrol.

Introduction to ultrasound, What is ultrasound? Sonochemistry, Origin of sonochemistry effects, Types of sonochemical reaction, Advantages of Sonochemistry, Applications of ultrasound in chemistry.
Ultrasound-assisted sustainable synthesis of materials, Introduction, Surface modification, Metallization processes, Ultrasound-assisted methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials, Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis.
Sustainable strategies for particle engineering using ultrasound, Techniques of solubility enhancement, Applications in pharmaceutical particle engineering.
Green and sustainable strategies for ultrasound-assisted organic synthesis, Applications of ultrasound in organic synthesis, Types of synthesis reactions in organic chemistry.
Sustainability in ultrasound-assisted synthesis of polymers, Free radical polymerization, Effect of ultrasound on polymers, Ultrasonic polymer synthesis, Sonochemical synthesis of polymer nanocomposites.
Sonoelectrochemistry and sustainability, Sonoelectrochemical systems, Use of ultrasound in electrochemistry, Sonoelectrochemistry and corrosion, Sono-electropolymerization, Environmental sono-electrochemistry, Sonoelectrochemical production of nanomaterials.
Ultrasound as a sustainable technology for water and wastewater treatment, Application of ultrasonic technology in water and wastewater treatment, Property of contaminants, Degradation of natural organic matter, Membrane Filtration in water and wastewater treatment processes, Integrity of membranes under ultrasonic irradiation, Effects of solution chemistry on ultrasonic control of membrane fouling.
Sonocatalysis: A potential sustainable pathway for the degradation of pollutants in wastewater, Benefits of ultrasound-aided degradation, Role of solid particles in sonochemical degradation, Integration of sonocatalysis with photoassisted processes for wastewater treatment.
Application of ultrasound for the treatment of contaminated soils: A sustainable approach, Major types of pollutants in soil and sediments, Remediation technologies advantages of the use of ultrasound, The effect of ultrasound on the desorption of organic contaminants, Ultrasonication as an assistant process in organic-contaminated soil remediation.
Ultrasonic-assisted anaerobic digestion of sludge for sustainable industrial development, Sludge treatment technologies, Anaerobic digestion, Ultrasound technology and anaerobic digestion, Effective parameters on the rate of the digestion process, Merits of anaerobic biotechnology, Merits of ultrasound technology.

Sonochemistry: New Opportunities for Green Chemistry, Gregory Chatel, 2017, ISBN: 978-1-78634-127-3.
Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications, Ensminger D., Bond L.J., CRC Press, Boca Raton (FL, USA), 2011.
Handbook on applications of ultrasound: sonochemistry for sustainability, Chen D., Sharma S.K. Mudhoo A., CRC Press, Boca Raton (FL, USA), 2011.

The grade for the course is determined on the basis of the final test result (the written test), consisting of various types of questions related to the presented topics in the class. In addition, each student should have a short presentation in 20 min on the selected topic related to the course.
The overall evaluation of this course consists of the mark of the written test (70%) and the mark of the presentation (30%).

The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. The power-point presentation supported by examples presented on the board.

English

written and oral