POLYMERS FOR APPLICATIONS WITHIN THE CULTURAL HERITAGE

The course belongs to the educational activities of the Bachelor's Degree Programme in Science and Technologies for Cultural Heritage.
The course specific task is to introduce the student to the interdisciplinary world of polymer chemistry and physics. As matter of fact, today, polymers find widespread application either as materials for artistic expression either as materials for conservation of objects of cultural, historic and artistic interest.

1. Knowledge and understanding
a) Basic concepts: monomer, repeating unit, macromolecule. Polymer architectures isomeries.
b) Polymer physics. Amorphous and cristalline polymers. Tm and Tg.
c) Adhesion.
d) Materials for consolidation.
e) Coatings and film formation.
f) Polymers as artistic materials.
2. Skill in applying knowledge and understanding
a. Conditions for solubility of a polymer.
b. Techniques for the determination of the PM of the polymer.
c. Understanding of the causes of polymers degradation.
d. How to choose a suitable polymer for a specific application?
3. Judgement skills
a. Choice of the polymeric material most suitable for a remediation in relation with reversibility and time.
4. Comunication skills
a. Acquaintance with the polymer chemistry terminology.
b. Ability in suitably discuss the issues connected with the use of polymeric materials in conservation.

The student should be familiar with the contents of the Organic Chemistry course.

Polymeric materials for conservation and art.
Problem of restoration for contemporary art.
Monomer, repeating unit, polymer, polymer architectures and stereochemistry.
Molar mass distributions.
Polymer solutions. Teas diagrams.
Average molecular weights and their determinations,
Gel permeation chromatography.
Anti-writing materials.
Polymer synthesis: Carothers.
Polyamides and contemporary works.
Gelation. Gel cleaning systems.
Polyurethanes and contemporary works.
Amorphous polymers; semicrystalline polymers, Tg and Tm determination.
Microcrystalline waxes.
Polymers mechanical behavior
Adhesion and adhesives.
Natural and synthetic rubber.
Silicone resins and Restoration (protective, water repellent, consolidating).
Polyesters: synthesis, properties and their use for Restoration.
Acrylic resins in painting and in Restoration. Acrylfluorinated resins.
Surface coatings. Formation methodologies of a film.
Degradation of polymers by hydrolysis and photo-oxidation.
Pictorial binders. Drying oils.
Alkyd resins. Fluorinated polymers.
Innovative polymers with applications in Cultural Heritage.
The use of polymers for Cultural Heritage: i) consolidating (for stone, glass, wood, canvas, paper); ii) protective; iii) adhesives.
The laboratory module will focus on the synthesis of a polymeric material to be used in the Cultural Heritage and the characterization through the following techniques: contact angle, permeability test, differential scanning calorimetry, chromatography (GPC), rheology, colorimetry.

- Leonardo Borgioli: Polimeri di sintesi per la conservazione della pietra, ed. Il Prato
- Leonardo Borgioli e Paolo Cremonesi "Le resine sintetiche usate nel trattamento di opere policrome", Ed Il Prato.

Further readings:
- O. Chiantore, et al. “Conservare l'arte contemporanea : problemi, metodi, materiali, ricerche” Electa, Milano 2005

The exam "Polymers for applications in Cultural Heritage" includes the topics of the lectures and the laboratory part.
The verification of the learning is carried out through an oral test which consists of two parts:
1) the presentation of an in-depth analysis of a topic of the Course performed by slides (maximum15 minutes), with the aim of verifying the student's ability to independently process the information received; 2) a series of open questions relating to the topics of the lectures (theoretical part). The student will have to present in formally and scientifically correct language, demonstrating at the same time to have understood the link between the theoretical aspects and their correlation with the laboratory experiences. In particular, the oral test is aimed at ascertaining familiarity with:
- the language of macromolecular chemistry
- the use of polymeric materials in conservation.
The oral test lasts from 30 to 45 minutes based on the clarity of the answers.
The final mark of the course is determined by:
- topic and insights of the presentation (max 8 points)
- exposition of the presentation and graphic appearance (max 4 points)
- knowledge of the required topics (range 10 points);
- exposure (max 2 points);
- ability to independently articulate the speech (max 3 points);
-active participation in laboratory activities (max 3 points).

Copy of the powerpoint presentations will be available on moodle.unive.it. The procedures for the laboratory activities will be provided by the teacher.

Italian

Accommodation and support services for students with disabilities and
students with specific learning impairments:
Ca’ Foscari abides by Italian Law (Law 17/1999; Law 170/2010)
regarding support services and accommodation available to students
with disabilities. This includes students with mobility, visual,
hearing and other disabilities (Law 17/1999), and specific learning
impairments (Law 170/2010). In the case of disability or impairment
that requires accommodations (i.e., alternate testing, readers, note
takers or interpreters) please contact the Disability and
Accessibility Offices in Student Services: disabilita@unive.it

oral

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Cities, infrastructure and social capital" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development