HISTORY OF THE JEWS OF THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA

The course is one of the optional courses of the second year of the BA degree in Languages, cultures and society of Asia and North Africa (LICSAAM). It aims at providing students with introductory methodological tools related to the Jewish history of the Middle East, North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa more generally.
The aim of the course is to develop critical and analytical skills with particular reference to the historicisation of non-European Judaism and of forms of exile and diaspora in the Mediterranean, especially in the colonial and postcolonial era. In addition to this, the student will delve into specific aspects of North African and Middle Eastern Jewish history and society of the medieval and modern eras, also with reference to the interactions between Jewish and non-Jewish communities in the two shores of the Mediterranean.

1. Knowledge and understanding: ● An intermediate knowledge of the history and cultural productions related to Middle Eastern and African Jewry.
2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: ● To be able to correctly use the tools of interpretative analysis concerning Middle Eastern and African Jewry from a historical and cultural point of view; ● To be able to carry out a critical analysis of different aspects of the Jewish cultures of the Middle East and Africa, and their interaction with Europe; ● Knowing how to apply one's own historical competence for analyzing different textual and metatextual typologies.
3. Judgment skills: ● Knowing how to formulate and argue hypotheses, also developing a critical approach to the evaluation of alternative hypotheses.
4. Communication skills: ● Knowing how to communicate in a critical way the acquired knowledge; ● Knowing how to interact with the teacher and peers in a critical and respectful way.
5. Learning skills: ● Knowing how to take notes and share them collaboratively; ● Knowing how to critically consult the reference texts and the bibliography contained therein.

It is advisable - but not strictly necessary - to have a general knowledge of the history of the Middle East and North Africa.
Adequate English language skills.

The course is dedicated to the analysis of the history of the Jews of the Middle East and Africa, with particular reference to Mediterranean Africa, in the contemporary era (from the 19th century to the present).
Starting with a cultural-historical introduction to the Jewish communities living in these geographical areas in the late antiquity, in the medieval and modern ages, we will examine the history of the Jews of North Africa and the Middle East during the centuries of Ottoman rule, in the colonial and finally post-colonial period from a socio-political and cultural point of view. Finally, the North African and Middle Eastern Jewish migrations of the 1950s and 1960s towards Israel, Europe and the United States - following the birth of Israel and the decolonization process - will be analysed, together with the decline of Jewish presence in the Middle East and North Africa.
Some lessons will be dedicated to the study of Jewish communities of East and Central Africa (e.g. the Jews of Ethiopia, the Jews of South Africa, 'Judaising' communities in Kenya and other countries).
Although the course is based on a historical approach, we will also consider perspectives related to it and indispensable for understanding the Jewish presence in these areas, such as Memory Studies, heritage studies, anthropology and literary studies.

BOOKS AND ARTICLES
- Bernard Lewis, Gli ebrei nel mondo islamico (Firenze: Sansoni, 2003), solo i cap. I, II, III e IV.
- Orit Bashkin e Daniel Schroeter, "Muslim-Jewish Relations in the Modern Middle East and North Africa", in Josef Meri, a cura di, The Routledge Handbook of Muslim-Jewish Relations (Londra: Routledge, 2016), 35-56 (pdf nel Moodle).
- Dario Miccoli, A Sephardi Sea: Jewish Memories Across the Modern Mediterranean (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2022), solo l'Introduzione e cap. I.
- Edith Bruder, The Black Jews of Africa: History, Religion, Identity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), passim.

LITERATURE
- Leila Sebbar, a cura di, A Jewish Childhood in the Muslim Mediterranean (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2023 - o in alternativa l'edizione originale in francese), passim.

MOVIES
- Efraim Kishon, Sallah Shabati (1964).
- Nadia Kamel, Salata baladi (2007).

It is advisable to consult (in the sections related to the course) a general text, such as:
- William L. Cleveland e Martin Bunton, Storia del Medio Oriente moderno (Milano: Mondadori, 2020).
- Caterina Roggero, Storia del Nord Africa indipendente (Milano: Bompiani, 2019).
- Piero Stefani e Davide Assael, Storia culturale degli ebrei (Bologna: Il Mulino, 2024).

Further references will be given in class.

All students are required to read all the reference texts.
The final exam is written( 2 hrs) and will consist of 2 questions on the topics discussed in class.

Lectures, participation in seminars and conferences, discussion groups.

Italian

Non-attending students are asked to contact the teacher at the beginning of the semester.

written

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Human capital, health, education" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development