FRENCH LITERATURE 2

The class of "Littérature française" is one of the main teachings of the French course of the Master Degree Course in European, American and post-colonial languages and literatures. It allows students to acquire an advanced knowledge of the history of French literature as well as mastery of theoretical-critical methodologies.
Teaching objectives:
Through a course structured in graduated training stages, students will be able to deal with complex literary and critical texts in French (to read, analyze, interpret and place them in their respective historical-cultural contexts) and to master the techniques related to literary studies and textual analysis (philology, history of genres, poetry, rhetoric, hermeneutics, stylistics, reception, theoretical-literary terminology
(Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator)

1. Knowledge and understanding
Knowledge of the historical-cultural context covered by the programme (1848-1868); knowledge of the history of French literature and poetics in the XIX and XX Centuries; knowledge of the work and poetics of the author studied; in-depth knowledge of a single work in its various facets and articulations (philology, history of genres, poetry, rhetoric, hermeneutics, stylistics, reception); knowledge of applied criticism.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Ability to read, understand, analyse, interpret and place poetic texts as well as ancient (19th century) and modern critical texts in their respective historical-cultural contexts.
3. Judging skills
Ability to evaluate different approaches, methods and interpretations of the texts; ability to exercise critical spirit and analytical skills; ability to orientate oneself between different critical perspectives.
4. Communication skills
Ability to present problems and analyses regarding the program with logical and chronological rigour, and to express concepts with clarity and terminological precision.
5. Learning Capabilities
Ability to synthesize, connect, sort, transmit ideas, forms and data.
(Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator)

Knowledge of the general frameworks of the history of modern French literature acquired through the basic literary teachings of the three-year degree course in Languages, civilizations and language sciences.
Since the course is given in French, a mastery of the French language (written and oral) is required at level C1 of the CEFR, also in view of the examination.

Le Poème en prose

Né au XIXe siècle, le poème en prose est un genre « frontalier » dont les caractéristiques formelles sont et demeurent instables encore aujourd’hui. Des œuvres importantes l’ont illustré qui ont ouvert de nouveaux territoires à la poésie française et ont modifié les modes de perception traditionnels du discours poétique.
Nous nous proposons d’étudier les conditions d’apparition et d’évolution du genre dans une perspective historique, philologique et critique, et de dégager ses propriétés et ses constantes par la lecture et l’analyse des principaux recueils qui l’ont fondé : Gaspard de la nuit, Le Spleen de Paris et les Illuminations .

Fonti primarie (edizioni consigliate)

- Aloysius BERTRAND, Gaspard de la nuit, éd. Jean-Luc Steinmetz, Paris, Le Livre de poche Classique, 2002.
- BAUDELAIRE, Le Spleen de Paris, présentation par Aurélia Cervoni et Andrea Schellino, Paris, Flammarion, coll. G-F, 2017.
- RIMBAUD, Œuvres complètes, t. 3 : Illuminations, présentation de Jean-Luc Steinmetz, Paris, Flammarion, coll. G-F, 2020.


Fonti secondarie (Bibliografia critica)

- Bernard, Suzanne, Le Poème en prose de Baudelaire jusqu’à nos jours, Paris, Nizet, 1959.
- Bertrand, Jean-Pierre, Inventer en littérature. Du poème en prose à l’écriture automatique, Paris, Seuil, coll. Poétique, 2015.
- Jechova Hana, Mouret François, Voisine Jacques, La Poésie en prose des Lumières au Romantisme (1760-1820), Paris, Presses de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne, coll. Recherches actuelles en littérature comparée, 1993.
- Leroy Christian, La poésie en prose française du XVIIe siècle à nos jours, Histoire d’un genre, Paris, Champion, 2001.
- Moreau Pierre, La Tradition française du poème en prose avant Baudelaire, 2e éd., Paris, Lettres modernes, 1969.
- Murat, Michel, La Langue des dieux modernes, Paris, Classiques Garnier, 2012, [« Le dernier livre de la bibliothèque », p. 45-59].
- Sandras, Michel, Lire le poème en prose, Paris, Dunod, 1995.
- Sandras, Michel, « Le poème en prose : une fiction critique ? », dans Crise de prose, éd. Jean-Nicolas Illouz et Jacques Neefs, Saint-Denis, Presses universitaires de Vincennes, 2002, p. 89-101.
- Scott, David, « La Structure spatiale du poème en prose : D'Aloysius Bertrand à Rimbaud », Poétique, n° 59, 1984, p. 295-308.
- Vadé, Yves, Le Poème en prose et ses territoires, Paris, Bellin, coll. Sup, 1996.
- Vincent-Munnia, Nathalie, Les Premiers Poèmes en prose : Généalogie d'un genre dans la première moitié du dix-neuvième siècle français, Paris, Champion,1996.

Assessment will be carried out through:
1. A written essay (approx. 15 pages) in French (50% of the assessment). The essay must be submitted seven days before the oral test.
The essay will focus on a topic chosen by the student and previously agreed upon with the course convenor. During the course students will receive instructions on the essays structure, on bibliography and on typographical norms.
2. An oral test in French on the subjects discussed during the course, including reading and analysis of the texts studied in class (50% of the evaluation).
The test must include :
- the reading of two essays in the "Fonti secondarie" list
- Analysis of three poems from each author, non studied in class, to be presented independently.

Lessons, lectures, textual analysis seminars

Programma per studenti non frequentanti

L'insegnamento prevede due modalità complementari di verifica dell'apprendimento:

1. Una tesina in lingua francese da consegnare almeno sette giorni prima della prova orale (50% della valutazione). Di circa 15 cartelle, porterà su un argomento a scelta inerente alla materia del corso, da concordare prevalentemente con il docente. Impostazione, strumenti bibliografici, modalità di stesura e norme tipografiche verranno comunicati in sede di ricevimento.

2. Una prova orale in lingua francese sulle materie del corso.
La prova comporta obbligatoriamente :
- la conoscenza del periodo di riferimento (1780-1880)
- la lettura di tre saggi presenti nella lista “Fonti secondarie” (o altri da concordare con il docente).
- l’analisi di cinque poesie per ciascun autore (Bertrand, Baudelaire e Rimbaud) da presentare autonomamente con particolare attenzione all’aspetto filologico (date, pubblicazioni, varianti), alla poetica, alle tematiche e alla ricezione.

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