APPLIED PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY TO CULTURAL HERITAGE - MOD. 1

This course (module 1) is part of the characterizing educational activities of the bachelor's degree program in Science and Technologies for Cultural Heritage that enables the student to acquire some basic concepts of physical chemistry.
In particular, with this course it is intended to provide the basic theoretical elements of Chemical Thermodynamics (also Statistical), including some essential fundamentals at the atomic-molecular level, preparing students to apply these notions to simple problems concerning mainly phase equilibria and reaction equilibria.
The study of thermodynamics is necessary, not only in order to understand some fundamental laws governing many general processes, not only chemical ones, but also because it enables students to learn to develop logical scientific reasoning.
The educational objectives aim to provide the basis for understanding the equilibrium between different phases and and equilibrium of a reaction.

1. Knowledge and understanding
Know
(a) the properties and state functions that characterize a system
(b) The relationships between state functions.
(c) the chemical equilibrium

2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
(a) Know how to use functions such as internal energy, enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy to define a system.
(b) Know how to derive measurable quantities of various systems.
(c) Know how to explain chemical equilibrium through thermodynamics.

3. Judgment skills
(a) Know how to critically evaluate information obtained about the systems under investigation.

4. Communication skills
a) Know how to appropriately use terminology and symbology developed during the course.
b) Know how to interact with the instructor and fellow students in an active manner so that communication occurs in a constructive and formally correct manner.

5. Learning skills
a) Know how to take notes in a rigorous manner, highlighting the concepts learned according to their importance.

It is appropriate for the student to master knowledge related to chemistry, integral and differential calculus, kinematics and dynamics.

In relation to the training objectives and expected learning outcomes given in the relevant sections, the course contents can be summarized:

Part 1 Classical Thermodynamics
The properties of gases. The first principle: work, heat, energy, enthalpy. Thermochemistry. Second and third principles: entropy and absolute temperature, thermodynamic equilibrium. Pure substances: chemical potential, fugacity, transitions and phase equilibria. Mixtures: partial molar quantities, ideal and real solutions, activity. Reactive mixtures: chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constants.

Part 2 Statistical thermodynamics (classical).
Distribution of molecular states, Internal Energy and Entropy, Canonical Partition Function.

Lecture notes
P.W. ATKINS, Chimica Fisica,Bologna. Ultima edizione It. Zanichelli.
W.J Moore, Chimica fisica, Piccin
Micheal Fowler, Lecture notes, Chapter 6
Gunnar Jeschke, Advanced Physical Chemistry, Statistical Thermodynamics
John W. Daily Statistical Thermodynamics, Cambridge University Press

The verification of learning is done through a written test on both numerical exercises and open questions. The objective of this test is to verify that the student has acquired the concepts during the lectures. The duration of this test is two hours where the use of notes, books and electronic media is not allowed.

Teaching is organized in frontal lecture.
Language: Italian

written