ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY AND 3 -MOD.2

The course of MOD 2 follows the MOD1. The students will be more deeply guided through more articulate chemical ways. The aim is to be qualified to employ the reactions of organic chemistry for synthetic purposes. Consequently will be presented in detail:
- a number of processes engaged in the formation of new bonds, focusing on the stereochemical aspects and implications;
- specific concepts of stereochemistry;
- methodologies suitable for the stereoselective formation of stereogenic centres, providing a number of information useful for the modulation of the stereoselective pathway through appropriate use of solvent, metal, co-solvent, etc, without necessity to change the configuration of the chiral inductor.
- Will be discussed in detail the chemistry of aromatic heterocyclyc chemistry focusing on furan, thiofene, pirrole, pyridine, and on selected polyhetero substituted systems including monocyclyc, polyciclyc or benzoderivatives.
- Will be presented the chemistry of carbohydrates.

Analogously to what described for MOD 1, it is expected that the contestants could reach a level of ability making their able to be endowed with:
- deep knowledge of organic chemistry;
- autonomy;
- comprehension (with self- confidence) of complex information;
- implementation without errors in new contexts, carrying out analysis and synthesis;
- acquisition of the ability to express by a reach lexicon;
- improvement of the abstraction capability.

The final evaluation will be based on the same parameters previously described in the case of MOD 1:
- Knowledge: capability to recall information, specific and general concepts, methods and processes, models, structures, classifications.
- Comprehension: capability to accept ideas, concepts and logic reasoning.
- Commitment: capability to use specific concepts and capability to use it in new situations.
- Capability: ability to analyze, to think critically, to synthesize information.
- Communication skill.

It is strongly suggested the deep knowledge of the topics of the preceding courses of both Organic Chemistry 1 and Organic Chemistry 2 and, of course, of Organic Chemistry and laboratory MOD 1, concerning, in particular, fundamental topics such as acid-base theory, chemical equilibrium, conformational analysis, basic concept of stereochemistry, aromaticity, nomenclature of chemical compounds, synthesis, reactivity, structure, retro-synthesis of traditional class of compounds: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, halo-alkanes, ethers, alcohols, thiols, amines, carbonyl compounds (aldheydes and ketones) and their derivatives with alcohols and amines, carboxylic acid and derivatives. Structure, property and reactivity of carbocyclic aromatic systems (benzene, naphthalene and derivatives).

On the basis of established target, the program of MOD 2 will describe the following topics in detail:
- Descriptions of most used methods useful for C-N e C-O bond formation.
- their application for assembly both aromatic and non aromatic heterocyclic skeletons and for introducing functional groups containing nitrogen and oxygen nuclei.
- Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Reactions.
- [4+2] e [2+2] Heterocycloadditions.
- 1,3-Dipolar Reactions.
- Stereoselective synthesis of stereogenic centres: methodologies.
- Organo- Metallic and Bimetallic Chiral Promoters.
- Stoichiometric and Catalytic Reactions.
- Chemical and Biochemical Methods.
- Homogeneus and Heterogeneous Catalysis.
- Management of Asymmetric Synthesis in Industry.
- Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds: synthesis, structure, electronic properties, reactivity.
- Bioactive derivatives of heterocyclic compounds and nucleic acids.
- Carbohydrates Chemistry.
- Stereochemistry.

Laboratory's activities: Functional group transformations. Preparation of polyfunctionalized molecules through multistep reaction sequences. Synthesis of chiral compounds.

The specific didactic material will be provided by the teacher.

For basic knowledge:

- J. McMurry, Chimica Organica, Piccin
- K. Peter; c. Vollhardt, N. E. Schore, Chimica Organica, Zanichelli
- J. G. Smith, Chimica Organica, McGraw-Hill
- M. Loudon, Chimica Organica, Edises
- R. T. Morrison - R. N. Boyd, Chimica Organica, Zanichelli

Chemistry of Heterocyclic compounds:
- J. A. Joule, K Mills, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Wiley
- G.A. Pagani, A. Abbotto, Chimica Eterociclica, Piccin
- D. Sica, F. Zollo, Chimica dei Composti Eterociclici Farmacologicamente Attivi, Piccin

Bio-active and natural products:
- P. M. Dewick, Medicine natural Products: a Biosynthetic approach 3rd ed.; Wiley Ed.
italian version by Piccin Ed.

Introduction to NMR:
- M. Hesse, H. Meier, B. Zech, Metodi spettroscopici nella chimica organica, Edises
- A. Randazzo, Guida pratica alla interpretazione di spettri NMR, Loghia

The exam of MOD 2 takes place at the same time of MOD 1, with the same procedure already reported in the case of MOD 1 e repeated as follows:
contestants have to debate, in about 50-60 minutes (total time for MOD 1 plus MOD 2), the topic introduced through the course. In special case of a different need, an “ad personam” final exam can be agreed upon alternative way. Contestants have the possibility to undergo their final exam in English or French language alternatively to the Italian one. In addition, contestants have the opportunity to start their exam by discussing in detail a topic as they like. In any case the contestants will demonstrate, in the final exam, their knowledge on the topics of the full program presented during the course.

The final evaluation will be based on :
- Knowledge: capability to recall information, specific and general concepts, methods and processes, models, structures, classifications.
- Comprehension: capability to accept ideas, concepts and logic reasoning.
- Commitment: capability to use specific concepts and capability to use it in new situations.
- Capability: ability to analyze, to think critically, to synthesize information.
- Communication skill.

The course is organized in a series of lessons and practice in laboratory. In class will be proposed a series of exercises concerning synthesis, mechanism of reactions, stereochemistry and elucidation of NMR spectra of organic compounds.

Italian

The contents of both Mod 1 and Mod 2 of Organic Chemistry 3 and laboratory constitute the full programme of the only one final exam. Attendance at laboratory sessions is necessary and it requires the preparation of a final report summarizing what was done during the sessions.

oral

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Human capital, health, education" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development